Autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a condition that affects social interaction, communication, interests and behaviour.
It is estimated that 1 in 100 people in the UK have ASD and it is more common in boys than girls


Symptoms of ASD
Below are some common symptoms of ASD. However, many children who do not have ASD will also display some of these behaviours. A child will need to see a specialist before they can be diagnosed with ASD.


Language

• Delayed speech development or not speaking at all
• Repetition of set words and phrases
• Monotonous or flat sounding speech

Responding to others

• Not responding to their name
• Reduced eye contact
• Not being aware of personal space or being intolerant when others enter their personal space
• Playing alone
• Not initiating an interaction with others (e.g. play or conversation)
• Reduced use of gesture and facial expression when communicating
• Not showing an interest in situations that others of their age seem to enjoy (e.g. birthday parties)
• Difficulties forming relationships

Behaviour

• Repetitive behaviours (e.g. flapping, rocking, flicking)
• Unusual sensory interests
• Having a preference for familiar routine and getting upset when this is disrupted
• Playing in a repetitive and unimaginative way (e.g. lining up blocks in order of size or colour rather than building with them)
• Developing a highly specific interest in a particular subject or activity

Top tips for supporting children with ASD

• Use your child’s name before communicating with them
• Try to minimise distractions within the environment (e.g. noise, visual stimulation, etc. )
• Keeping language simple
• Speaking slowly and clearly
• Using plenty of visual support when communicating (e.g. gesture, facial expression, pictures if appropriate)
• Allow extra time for your child to process what you have said   
• Try to create familiar routines and structure within the day.

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